Includes

Speech delay, Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Global Developmental Delay, Specific learning disorder, intellectual disability.

Common Signs & Symptoms

• Delayed speech or very few words for age
• Poor eye contact or limited social interaction
• Difficulty following simple instructions
• Hyperactivity or difficulty sitting still
• Delayed motor milestones (walking, fine motor skills)
• Limited play skills or repetitive behaviours
• Poor attention during learning activities

Therapies

• Speech therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Cognitive Behaviour therapy
• Applied behavior analysis
• Cognitive-behaviour therapy
• Social skill training
• Family-centered therapy
• Sensory integration therapy
• Early intervention programs

Assessment Tools (Indian)

• Developmental Screening Test (DST)
• Vanderbilt Assessment Scale (ADHD)
• Receptive Expressive Emergent Language Scale – Indian Adaptation (REELS-I)
• Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA)
• Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS)
• Intellectual disability evaluation proforma

Therapies

• Play-based therapy
• Sensory play activities
• Communication training
• Fine motor skill building
• Parent-guided intervention sessions

Types

Speech sound disorders, language delay, expressive-receptive language disorder, fluency (stuttering), voice disorders, social communication disorder

Common Signs & Symptoms

• Unclear speech or mispronouncing sounds
• Difficulty understanding language
• Limited vocabulary for age
• Difficulty forming sentences
• Repetition or blocks while speaking (stuttering)
• Difficulty engaging in conversations

Therapies

• Speech-language therapy
• Articulation therapy
• Language stimulation therapy
• Fluency therapy
• Pragmatic communication training

Assessment Tools (Indian)

• REELS-I (Indian adaptation)
• Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST)
• Communication Development Checklist (CDC)
• Indian articulation assessment used by Speech-Language Pathologists

Clinic Activities

• Sound production games
• Vocabulary building activities
• Storytelling therapy
• Turn-taking play
• Parent-child communication coaching

Includes

Tantrums, aggression, emotional dysregulation, fear& anxiety

Common Signs & Symptoms

• Frequent temper tantrums
• Difficulty calming down after frustration
• Aggressive behaviours like hitting or throwing
• Excessive crying or emotional outbursts
• Fear and anxious about everything

Therapies

• Play therapy
• Behaviour modification therapy
• Emotional regulation training
• Parent counselling

Assessment Tools (Indian)

• Behaviour Assessment Scale for Indian Children (BASIC)
• Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL)
• Developmental Behaviour Observation Checklist

Clinic Activities

• Emotion identification games
• Calming corner training
• Structured play therapy
• Coping skills development

Includes

Motor coordination difficulties, stereotypic movements, early-onset tics

Common Signs & Symptoms

• Poor balance or coordination
• Difficulty running, jumping, or writing
• Repetitive body movements
• Sudden involuntary movements or sounds
• Poor fine motor control

Therapies

• Occupational therapy
• Behaviour therapy
• Habit reversal training (age-appropriate)
• Sensory regulation therapy

Assessment Tools (Indian)

• Developmental Screening Test (DST)
• Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS)
• Occupational Therapy Motor Assessment

Clinic Activities

• Gross motor coordination exercises
• Rhythmic movement therapy
• Body awareness activities
• Calming movement routines